Difference between revisions of "CSC111 Programs for Week 9 2015"

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(Created page with "--~~~~ ---- =Cats= <br /> ::<source lang="python"> # cats1.py # D. Thiebaut # Program for Week #9 # Define a Cat class, and # use it to create a collection of # cats. class...")
 
(→‎Cats)
 
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--[[User:Thiebaut|D. Thiebaut]] ([[User talk:Thiebaut|talk]]) 09:03, 30 March 2015 (EDT)
 
--[[User:Thiebaut|D. Thiebaut]] ([[User talk:Thiebaut|talk]]) 09:03, 30 March 2015 (EDT)
 
----
 
----
 +
=Die=
 +
<br />
 +
::<source lang="python">
 +
# dice.py
 +
# D. Thiebaut
 +
# Program for Week 9
 +
# an example program that defines a Die class, and
 +
# demonstrates how to create 2 objects from this class.
 +
 +
import random
 +
 +
 +
class Die:
 +
    """a class implementing a Die, with a given number
 +
    of sides, and a value (the number of the top face)"""
 +
   
 +
    def __init__( self, n ):
 +
        """initializes the die with n faces, and a value 1,
 +
        by default"""
 +
        self.noSides = n
 +
        self.value  = 1
 +
 +
    def roll( self ):
 +
        """roll the die and pick a new random value for it"""
 +
        self.value = random.randrange( 1, self.noSides+1 )
 +
 +
    def getValue( self ):
 +
        """return the current value, i.e. the number on the top
 +
        side"""
 +
        return self.value
 +
 +
 +
def main():
 +
    # Create 2 dice, one with 6 sides, one with 8
 +
    d1 = Die( 6 )
 +
    d2 = Die( 8 )
 +
 +
    while True:
 +
        # Roll both dice
 +
        d1.roll( )
 +
        d2.roll( )
 +
 +
        # display their value
 +
        print( "Die 1: ",  d1.getValue() )
 +
        print( "Die 2: ",  d2.getValue() )
 +
 +
        ans = input( "Press enter to continue.  Any other key to quit: " )
 +
        if len( ans.strip() )!= 0:
 +
            break
 +
 +
if __name__=="__main__":
 +
    main()
 +
   
 +
 +
</source>
 +
<br />
 
=Cats=
 
=Cats=
 +
<br />
 +
<br />
 +
==Cat CSV File==
 
<br />
 
<br />
 
::<source lang="python">
 
::<source lang="python">
 +
# create csv file
 +
# D. Thiebaut
 +
 +
text = """Minou, 3, vaccinated,  stray
 +
Max, 1, not vaccinated,  Burmese
 +
Gizmo, 2, vaccinated, Bengal
 +
Garfield, 4, not vaccinated, Orange Tabby
 +
Silky, 3, vaccinated,  Siemese
 +
Winston, 1, not vaccinated,  stray
 +
"""
  
 +
open( "cats.csv", "w" ).write( text )
 +
</source>
 +
<br />
 +
==Cat Program==
 +
::<source lang="python">
 
# cats1.py
 
# cats1.py
 
# D. Thiebaut
 
# D. Thiebaut
−
# Program for Week #9
+
# program developed in class on 4/1/15
−
# Define a Cat class, and
+
#
−
# use it to create a collection of
 
−
# cats.
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
 
class Cat:
 
class Cat:
−
     """a class that implements a cat and its
+
     """Cat class.  contains information about a cat: name,
−
     information.  Name, breed, vaccinated,
+
     whether vaccinated, breed, and age"""
−
    tattooed, and age."""
+
     def __init__( self, na, vacc, bree, ag ):
−
 
 
−
     def __init__( self, na, brd, vacc, tat, ag ):
 
−
        """constructor.  Builds a cat with all its information"""
 
 
         self.name      = na
 
         self.name      = na
−
        self.breed      = brd
 
 
         self.vaccinated = vacc
 
         self.vaccinated = vacc
−
         self.tattooed  = tat
+
         self.breed      = bree
 
         self.age        = ag
 
         self.age        = ag
 +
 +
    def __str__( self ):
 +
        """default string representation for a cat.  Will be use by print() if
 +
        we ask it to print a cat object."""
 +
        if self.vaccinated:
 +
            vac = "vaccinated"
 +
        else:
 +
            vac = "not vaccinated"
 +
        # create the string representation of the object
 +
        s = "{0:10} ==> ({1:1}), {2:1}, {3:1}".format(
 +
            self.name, self.breed, self.age, vac )
 +
 +
        # return the string representation
 +
        return s
 +
   
 +
    def getName( self ):
 +
        """returns the name of the cat"""
 +
        return self.name
  
 
     def isVaccinated( self ):
 
     def isVaccinated( self ):
−
         """returns True if cat is vaccinated, False otherwise"""
+
         """returns True if the cat is vaccinated, False otherwise."""
 +
        #if self.vaccinated:
 +
        #    return True
 +
        #else:
 +
        #    return False
 
         return self.vaccinated
 
         return self.vaccinated
  
−
    def isTattooed( self ):
+
# -------------------------------------------------------------
−
        """returns True if cat is tattooed, False otherwise"""
+
#                          MAIN
−
        return self.tattooed
+
# -------------------------------------------------------------
  
−
     def getAge( self ):
+
def main():
−
         """returns cat's age"""
+
    # create an empty list of cats
−
         return self.age
+
    catList = []
 +
 
 +
    # Create 3 cat objects and add them to the list
 +
    # Minou, 3, vaccinated, stray
 +
    #catList.append( Cat( "Minou", True, "stray", 3 ) )
 +
    #catList.append( Cat( "Ralph", False, "Burmese", 1 ) )
 +
    #catList.append( Cat( "Garfield", True, "Orange Tabby", 10 ) )
 +
 
 +
    # open csv file containing cats.  Example of line in file shown below.
 +
    # Winston, 1, not vaccinated,  stray
 +
    file = open( "cats.csv", "r" )
 +
    lines = file.readlines()
 +
    file.close()
 +
 
 +
    # the contents of the file is now in a list of strings.  The list is called lines.
 +
 
 +
    # for each line in the list of lines...
 +
    for line in lines:
 +
        #print( line )
 +
 
 +
        # split the line into 4 fields
 +
        fields = line.split( ',' )
 +
 
 +
        # if the line doesn't contain 4 fields, it must be invalid.  Skip it!
 +
        if len( fields ) != 4:
 +
            continue
 +
 
 +
        # assign each one of the 4 items in the list fields to 4 different variables
 +
        name, age, vacc, breed = fields
 +
 
 +
        # transform vacc from "vaccinated" or "not vaccinated" to True or False
 +
        if vacc.lower().strip() == "vaccinated":
 +
            vacc = True
 +
        else:
 +
            vacc = False
 +
 
 +
        # add a new cat with this information to the list of cats
 +
        cat = Cat( name.strip(), vacc, breed.strip(), int(age.strip()) )
 +
        catList.append( cat ) 
 +
       
 +
    # list all the cats in the list
 +
    for cat in catList:
 +
        print( cat )
 +
 
 +
 
 +
   
 +
main()
 +
 
 +
 
 +
   
 +
 
 +
 
 +
</source>
 +
<br />
 +
 
 +
=Graphics=
 +
<br />
 +
The programs below are not fully documented.  Just examples of putting a program together in class. 
 +
<br />
 +
== skeletonGraphics.py ==
 +
<br />
 +
::<source lang="python">
 +
# skeleton.py
 +
# D. Thiebaut
 +
# a skeleton program to get started with the graphics
 +
#
 +
from graphics import *
 +
 
 +
# define geometry (constants)
 +
WIDTH  = 700
 +
HEIGHT = 600
 +
 
 +
 
 +
#----------------------------------------------------------------
 +
def waitForClick( win, message ):
 +
    """ waitForClick: stops the GUI and displays a message. 
 +
    Returns when the user clicks the window. The message is erased."""
 +
 
 +
    # wait for user to click mouse to start
 +
    startMsg = Text( Point( win.getWidth()/2, win.getHeight()/2 ), message )
 +
    startMsg.draw( win )    # display message
 +
    win.getMouse()          # wait
 +
    startMsg.undraw()      # erase
 +
 
 +
 
 +
def main():
 +
    global W, H
 +
    win = GraphWin( "wheel demo", WIDTH, HEIGHT )
 +
 
 +
    waitForClick( win, "click to start" )
 +
 
 +
    center = Point( WIDTH//4, HEIGHT//4 )
 +
    c1 = Circle( center, 30 )
 +
    c1.setFill( "red" )
 +
    c1.draw( win )
 +
 
 +
    waitForClick( win, "click to end" )
 +
    win.close()
 +
   
 +
main()
 +
</source>
 +
<br />
 +
== wheel1.py ==
 +
<br />
 +
::<source lang="python">
 +
# wheel1.py
 +
# D. Thiebaut
 +
# a skeleton program to get started with the graphics
 +
#
 +
from graphics import *
 +
 
 +
# define geometry (constants)
 +
WIDTH  = 700
 +
HEIGHT = 600
 +
 
 +
 
 +
class Wheel:
 +
    """a Wheel is 2 concentric circles, the larger one black,
 +
    the smaller one grey."""
 +
 
 +
    def __init__(self, centr, rad1, rad2 ):
 +
        # make circ1 the smaller of the 2 circles
 +
        self.circ1  = Circle( centr, min( rad1, rad2 ) )
 +
        self.circ2  = Circle( centr, max( rad1, rad2 ) )
 +
        self.circ1.setFill( "grey" )
 +
        self.circ2.setFill( "black" )
 +
       
 +
    def draw( self, win ):
 +
        self.circ2.draw( win )
 +
        self.circ1.draw( win )
 +
 
 +
class Car:
 +
    """a class containing a rectangle and 2 wheels, forming
 +
    a simple car"""
 +
 
 +
    def __init__( self, refPoint ):
 +
        # create rectangle
 +
        P1  = refPoint
 +
        xP1 = P1.getX()
 +
        yP1 = P1.getY()
 +
        xP2 = xP1 + 180
 +
        yP2 = yP1 + 60
 +
        P2  = Point( xP2, yP2 )
 +
        self.body = Rectangle( P1, P2 )
 +
        self.body.setFill( "yellow" )
 +
 
 +
        # create the Wheels
 +
        self.w1 = Wheel( Point( xP1+40, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
 +
        self.w2 = Wheel( Point( xP1+140, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
 +
 
 +
    def draw( self, win ):
 +
        self.body.draw( win )
 +
        self.w1.draw( win )
 +
        self.w2.draw( win )
 +
   
 +
#----------------------------------------------------------------
 +
def waitForClick( win, message ):
 +
    """ waitForClick: stops the GUI and displays a message. 
 +
    Returns when the user clicks the window. The message is erased."""
 +
 
 +
    # wait for user to click mouse to start
 +
    startMsg = Text( Point( win.getWidth()/2, win.getHeight()/2 ), message )
 +
    startMsg.draw( win )    # display message
 +
    win.getMouse()          # wait
 +
    startMsg.undraw()      # erase
 +
 
 +
def main():
 +
    global W, H
 +
    win = GraphWin( "wheel demo", WIDTH, HEIGHT )
 +
 
 +
    waitForClick( win, "click to start" )
 +
 
 +
    #w1 = Wheel( Point( WIDTH//4, HEIGHT//4 ), 30, 50 )
 +
    #w1.draw( win )
 +
    car1 = Car( Point( WIDTH//4, HEIGHT//4 ) )
 +
    car1.draw( win )
 +
   
 +
    waitForClick( win, "click to end" )
 +
    win.close()
 +
   
 +
main()
 +
</source>
 +
<br />
 +
<br />
 +
== wheel2.py ==
 +
<br />
 +
::<source lang="python">
 +
# wheel1.py
 +
# D. Thiebaut
 +
# a skeleton program to get started with the graphics
 +
#
 +
from graphics import *
 +
 
 +
# define geometry (constants)
 +
WIDTH  = 700
 +
HEIGHT = 600
 +
 
 +
 
 +
class Wheel:
 +
    """a Wheel is 2 concentric circles, the larger one black,
 +
    the smaller one grey."""
 +
 
 +
     def __init__(self, centr, rad1, rad2 ):
 +
         # make circ1 the smaller of the 2 circles
 +
        self.circ1  = Circle( centr, min( rad1, rad2 ) )
 +
        self.circ2  = Circle( centr, max( rad1, rad2 ) )
 +
        self.circ1.setFill( "grey" )
 +
        self.circ2.setFill( "black" )
 +
       
 +
    def draw( self, win ):
 +
        self.circ2.draw( win )
 +
        self.circ1.draw( win )
 +
 
 +
class Car:
 +
    """a class containing a rectangle and 2 wheels, forming
 +
    a simple car"""
 +
 
 +
    def __init__( self, refPoint ):
 +
        # create rectangle
 +
        P1  = refPoint
 +
        xP1 = P1.getX()
 +
        yP1 = P1.getY()
 +
        xP2 = xP1 + 180
 +
        yP2 = yP1 + 60
 +
        P2  = Point( xP2, yP2 )
 +
        self.body = Rectangle( P1, P2 )
 +
        self.body.setFill( "yellow" )
 +
 
 +
        # create the Wheels
 +
        self.w1 = Wheel( Point( xP1+40, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
 +
        self.w2 = Wheel( Point( xP1+140, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
 +
 
 +
    def draw( self, win ):
 +
        self.body.draw( win )
 +
         self.w1.draw( win )
 +
        self.w2.draw( win )
 +
   
 +
#----------------------------------------------------------------
 +
def waitForClick( win, message ):
 +
    """ waitForClick: stops the GUI and displays a message. 
 +
    Returns when the user clicks the window. The message is erased."""
 +
 
 +
    # wait for user to click mouse to start
 +
    startMsg = Text( Point( win.getWidth()/2, win.getHeight()/2 ), message )
 +
    startMsg.draw( win )    # display message
 +
    win.getMouse()          # wait
 +
    startMsg.undraw()      # erase
 +
 
 +
def main():
 +
    global W, H
 +
    win = GraphWin( "wheel demo", WIDTH, HEIGHT )
 +
 
 +
    waitForClick( win, "click to start" )
 +
 
 +
    #w1 = Wheel( Point( WIDTH//4, HEIGHT//4 ), 30, 50 )
 +
    #w1.draw( win )
 +
    car1 = Car( Point( WIDTH//4, HEIGHT//4 ) )
 +
    car1.draw( win )
 +
 
 +
    # animation loop
 +
    while True:
 +
        car1.setSpeed( 5, 0 )
 +
       
 +
    waitForClick( win, "click to end" )
 +
    win.close()
 +
   
 +
main()
 +
</source>
 +
<br />
 +
<br />
 +
== car1.py ==
 +
<br />
 +
::<source lang="python">
 +
# wheel1.py
 +
# D. Thiebaut
 +
# a skeleton program to get started with the graphics
 +
#
 +
from graphics import *
 +
 
 +
# define geometry (constants)
 +
WIDTH  = 700
 +
HEIGHT = 600
  
−
    def getName( self ):
 
−
        """return name of cat"""
 
−
        return self.name
 
  
−
    def __str__( self ):
+
class Wheel:
−
        """default string representation of cat"""
+
    """a Wheel is 2 concentric circles, the larger one black,
−
        vacc = "vaccinated"
+
    the smaller one grey."""
−
        if not self.vaccinated:
 
−
            vacc = "not vaccinated"
 
  
−
         tat = "tattooed"
+
    def __init__(self, centr, rad1, rad2 ):
−
         if not self.tattooed:
+
        # make circ1 the smaller of the 2 circles
−
            tat = "not tattooed"
+
         self.circ1  = Circle( centr, min( rad1, rad2 ) )
 +
        self.circ2  = Circle( centr, max( rad1, rad2 ) )
 +
        self.circ1.setFill( "grey" )
 +
         self.circ2.setFill( "black" )
 
          
 
          
−
         return "{0:20}:==> {1:1}, {2:1}, {3:1}, {4:1} yrs old".format(
+
    def draw( self, win ):
−
            self.name, self.breed, vacc, tat, self.age )
+
         self.circ2.draw( win )
 +
        self.circ1.draw( win )
 +
 
 +
class Car:
 +
    """a class containing a rectangle and 2 wheels, forming
 +
    a simple car"""
 +
 
 +
    def __init__( self, refPoint ):
 +
        # create rectangle
 +
        P1  = refPoint
 +
        xP1 = P1.getX()
 +
        yP1 = P1.getY()
 +
        xP2 = xP1 + 180
 +
        yP2 = yP1 + 60
 +
        P2  = Point( xP2, yP2 )
 +
        self.body = Rectangle( P1, P2 )
 +
        self.body.setFill( "yellow" )
 +
 
 +
        # create the Wheels
 +
        self.w1 = Wheel( Point( xP1+40, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
 +
        self.w2 = Wheel( Point( xP1+140, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
 +
 
 +
    def draw( self, win ):
 +
        self.body.draw( win )
 +
        self.w1.draw( win )
 +
        self.w2.draw( win )
 
      
 
      
 +
#----------------------------------------------------------------
 +
def waitForClick( win, message ):
 +
    """ waitForClick: stops the GUI and displays a message. 
 +
    Returns when the user clicks the window. The message is erased."""
 +
 +
    # wait for user to click mouse to start
 +
    startMsg = Text( Point( win.getWidth()/2, win.getHeight()/2 ), message )
 +
    startMsg.draw( win )    # display message
 +
    win.getMouse()          # wait
 +
    startMsg.undraw()      # erase
 +
 
def main():
 
def main():
−
     """ main program.  Creates a list of cats and displays
+
     global W, H
−
    groups sharing the same property.
+
    win = GraphWin( "wheel demo", WIDTH, HEIGHT )
−
        Minou, 3, vac, tat, stray
+
 
−
        Max, 1, not-vac, tat, Burmese
+
    waitForClick( win, "click to start" )
−
        Gizmo, 2, vac, not-tat, Bengal
+
 
−
        Garfield, 4, not-vac, tat, Orange Tabby
+
    #w1 = Wheel( Point( WIDTH//4, HEIGHT//4 ), 30, 50 )
−
     """
+
     #w1.draw( win )
−
     cats = []
+
     car1 = Car( Point( WIDTH//4, HEIGHT//4 ) )
−
    cat = Cat( "Minou", "stray", True, True, 3 )
+
     car1.draw( win )
−
     cats.append( cat )
+
 
 
      
 
      
−
     cats.append( Cat( "Max", "Burmese", False, True, 1 ) )
+
       
−
     cats.append( Cat( "Gizmo", "Bengal", True, False, 2 ) )
+
     waitForClick( win, "click to end" )
−
     cats.append( Cat( "Garfield", "Orange Tabby", False, True, 4 ) )
+
     win.close()
 +
   
 +
main()
 +
</source>
 +
<br />
 +
<br />
 +
== car2.py ==
 +
<br />
 +
::<source lang="python">
 +
# wheel1.py
 +
# D. Thiebaut
 +
# a skeleton program to get started with the graphics
 +
#
 +
from graphics import *
 +
 
 +
# define geometry (constants)
 +
WIDTH  = 700
 +
HEIGHT = 600
 +
 
 +
 
 +
class Wheel:
 +
    """a Wheel is 2 concentric circles, the larger one black,
 +
     the smaller one grey."""
  
−
     # print the list of all the cats
+
     def __init__(self, centr, rad1, rad2 ):
−
     print( "\nComplete List:" )
+
        # make circ1 the smaller of the 2 circles
−
     for cat in cats:
+
        self.circ1  = Circle( centr, min( rad1, rad2 ) )
−
         print( cat )
+
        self.circ2  = Circle( centr, max( rad1, rad2 ) )
 +
        self.circ1.setFill( "grey" )
 +
        self.circ2.setFill( "black" )
 +
       
 +
    def draw( self, win ):
 +
        self.circ2.draw( win )
 +
        self.circ1.draw( win )
 +
 
 +
     def move( self, dx, dy ):
 +
        self.circ1.move( dx, dy )
 +
        self.circ2.move( dx, dy )
 +
       
 +
class Car:
 +
    """a class containing a rectangle and 2 wheels, forming
 +
    a simple car"""
 +
 
 +
    def __init__( self, refPoint ):
 +
        # create rectangle
 +
        P1  = refPoint
 +
        xP1 = P1.getX()
 +
        yP1 = P1.getY()
 +
        xP2 = xP1 + 180
 +
        yP2 = yP1 + 60
 +
        P2  = Point( xP2, yP2 )
 +
        self.body = Rectangle( P1, P2 )
 +
        self.body.setFill( "yellow" )
 +
 
 +
        # create the Wheels
 +
        self.w1 = Wheel( Point( xP1+40, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
 +
        self.w2 = Wheel( Point( xP1+140, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
 +
 
 +
        # set the initial speed
 +
        self.dx = 1
 +
        self.dy = 0
 +
 
 +
    def setSpeed( self, deltaX, deltaY ):
 +
        self.dx = deltaX
 +
        self.dy = deltaY
 +
       
 +
    def draw( self, win ):
 +
        self.w1.draw( win )
 +
        self.body.draw( win )
 +
        self.w2.draw( win )
 +
 
 +
     def autoMove( self ):
 +
         self.w1.move( self.dx, self.dy )
 +
        self.w2.move( self.dx, self.dy )
 +
        self.body.move( self.dx, self.dy )
  
−
     # print only the vaccinated cats
+
     def reverseDirection( self ):
−
    print( "\nVaccinated cats:" )
+
         self.dx = -self.dx
−
    for cat in cats:
 
−
         if cat.isVaccinated()==True:
 
−
            print( cat )
 
  
 +
    def getX( self ):
 +
        return self.body.getP1().getX()
 
          
 
          
−
    # print cats older than 2
+
#----------------------------------------------------------------
−
     print( "\nCats 2 or older:" )
+
def waitForClick( win, message ):
−
     for cat in cats:
+
     """ waitForClick: stops the GUI and displays a message. 
−
        if cat.getAge()>=2:
+
    Returns when the user clicks the window. The message is erased."""
−
            print( cat )
+
 
 +
     # wait for user to click mouse to start
 +
    startMsg = Text( Point( win.getWidth()/2, win.getHeight()/2 ), message )
 +
    startMsg.draw( win )    # display message
 +
    win.getMouse()          # wait
 +
    startMsg.undraw()       # erase
  
 +
def main():
 +
    global W, H
 +
    win = GraphWin( "wheel demo", WIDTH, HEIGHT )
  
−
if __name__=="__main__":
+
    waitForClick( win, "click to start" )
−
     main()
+
 
 +
 
 +
    car1 = Car( Point( WIDTH//4, HEIGHT//4 ) )
 +
    car1.draw( win )
 +
     car1.setSpeed( 5, 0 )
  
 +
    while True:
 +
        car1.autoMove()
 +
   
 +
        if car1.getX() > WIDTH or car1.getX() < 0:
 +
            car1.reverseDirection()
 +
           
 +
    waitForClick( win, "click to end" )
 +
    win.close()
 
      
 
      
 +
main()
 +
</source>
 +
<br />
 +
<br />
 +
== car3.py ==
 +
<br />
 +
::<source lang="python">
 +
# wheel1.py
 +
# D. Thiebaut
 +
# a skeleton program to get started with the graphics
 +
#
 +
from graphics import *
 +
import random
 +
 +
# define geometry (constants)
 +
WIDTH  = 700
 +
HEIGHT = 600
 +
 +
 +
class Wheel:
 +
    """a Wheel is 2 concentric circles, the larger one black,
 +
    the smaller one grey."""
 +
 +
    def __init__(self, centr, rad1, rad2 ):
 +
        # make circ1 the smaller of the 2 circles
 +
        self.circ1  = Circle( centr, min( rad1, rad2 ) )
 +
        self.circ2  = Circle( centr, max( rad1, rad2 ) )
 +
        self.circ1.setFill( "grey" )
 +
        self.circ2.setFill( "black" )
 +
       
 +
    def draw( self, win ):
 +
        self.circ2.draw( win )
 +
        self.circ1.draw( win )
 +
 +
    def move( self, dx, dy ):
 +
        self.circ1.move( dx, dy )
 +
        self.circ2.move( dx, dy )
 +
       
 +
class Car:
 +
    """a class containing a rectangle and 2 wheels, forming
 +
    a simple car"""
  
 +
    def __init__( self, refPoint ):
 +
        # create rectangle
 +
        P1  = refPoint
 +
        xP1 = P1.getX()
 +
        yP1 = P1.getY()
 +
        xP2 = xP1 + 180
 +
        yP2 = yP1 + 60
 +
        P2  = Point( xP2, yP2 )
 +
        self.body = Rectangle( P1, P2 )
 +
        self.body.setFill( "yellow" )
 +
 +
        # create the Wheels
 +
        self.w1 = Wheel( Point( xP1+40, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
 +
        self.w2 = Wheel( Point( xP1+140, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
 +
 +
        # set the initial speed
 +
        self.dx = 1
 +
        self.dy = 0
 +
 +
    def setSpeed( self, deltaX, deltaY ):
 +
        self.dx = deltaX
 +
        self.dy = deltaY
 +
       
 +
    def draw( self, win ):
 +
        self.w1.draw( win )
 +
        self.body.draw( win )
 +
        self.w2.draw( win )
 +
 +
    def autoMove( self ):
 +
        self.w1.move( self.dx, self.dy )
 +
        self.w2.move( self.dx, self.dy )
 +
        self.body.move( self.dx, self.dy )
 +
 +
    def reverseDirection( self ):
 +
        self.dx = -self.dx
 +
 +
    def getX( self ):
 +
        return self.body.getP1().getX()
 +
       
 +
#----------------------------------------------------------------
 +
def waitForClick( win, message ):
 +
    """ waitForClick: stops the GUI and displays a message. 
 +
    Returns when the user clicks the window. The message is erased."""
 +
 +
    # wait for user to click mouse to start
 +
    startMsg = Text( Point( win.getWidth()/2, win.getHeight()/2 ), message )
 +
    startMsg.draw( win )    # display message
 +
    win.getMouse()          # wait
 +
    startMsg.undraw()      # erase
 +
 +
def main():
 +
    global W, H
 +
    win = GraphWin( "wheel demo", WIDTH, HEIGHT )
 +
 +
    waitForClick( win, "click to start" )
 +
 +
    cars = []
 +
    for x in range( 10, WIDTH, 80 ):
 +
        car1 = Car( Point( x, random.choice( [10,50,100, 125, 175, 300 ]) ) )
 +
        car1.draw( win )
 +
        car1.setSpeed( random.choice( [-5, 3, 2, 5, 4] ), 0 )
 +
        cars.append( car1 )
 +
       
 +
    while True:
 +
        for car1 in cars:
 +
            car1.autoMove()
 +
       
 +
            if car1.getX() > WIDTH or car1.getX() < 0:
 +
                car1.reverseDirection()
 +
           
 +
    waitForClick( win, "click to end" )
 +
    win.close()
 +
   
 +
main()
 
</source>
 
</source>
 
<br />
 
<br />
 
<br />
 
<br />
 +
== car3randomColors.py ==
 +
<br />
 +
::<source lang="python">
 +
# wheel1.py
 +
# D. Thiebaut
 +
# a skeleton program to get started with the graphics
 +
#
 +
from graphics import *
 +
import random
 +
 +
# define geometry (constants)
 +
WIDTH  = 700
 +
HEIGHT = 600
 +
 +
 +
class Wheel:
 +
    """a Wheel is 2 concentric circles, the larger one black,
 +
    the smaller one grey."""
 +
 +
    def __init__(self, centr, rad1, rad2 ):
 +
        # make circ1 the smaller of the 2 circles
 +
        self.circ1  = Circle( centr, min( rad1, rad2 ) )
 +
        self.circ2  = Circle( centr, max( rad1, rad2 ) )
 +
        self.circ1.setFill( "grey" )
 +
        self.circ2.setFill( "black" )
 +
       
 +
    def draw( self, win ):
 +
        self.circ2.draw( win )
 +
        self.circ1.draw( win )
 +
 +
    def move( self, dx, dy ):
 +
        self.circ1.move( dx, dy )
 +
        self.circ2.move( dx, dy )
 +
       
 +
class Car:
 +
    """a class containing a rectangle and 2 wheels, forming
 +
    a simple car"""
 +
 +
    def __init__( self, refPoint ):
 +
        # create rectangle
 +
        P1  = refPoint
 +
        xP1 = P1.getX()
 +
        yP1 = P1.getY()
 +
        xP2 = xP1 + 180
 +
        yP2 = yP1 + 60
 +
        P2  = Point( xP2, yP2 )
 +
        self.body = Rectangle( P1, P2 )
 +
        self.body.setFill( random.choice( ["yellow", "black", "beige",
 +
                                          "magenta"] ) )
 +
 +
        # create the Wheels
 +
        self.w1 = Wheel( Point( xP1+40, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
 +
        self.w2 = Wheel( Point( xP1+140, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
 +
 +
        # set the initial speed
 +
        self.dx = 1
 +
        self.dy = 0
 +
 +
    def setSpeed( self, deltaX, deltaY ):
 +
        """change the speed of the car"""
 +
        self.dx = deltaX
 +
        self.dy = deltaY
 +
       
 +
    def draw( self, win ):
 +
        """draw the car on the window"""
 +
        self.w1.draw( win )
 +
        self.body.draw( win )
 +
        self.w2.draw( win )
 +
 +
    def autoMove( self ):
 +
        """move the car in the current direction (dx, dy)"""
 +
        self.w1.move( self.dx, self.dy )
 +
        self.w2.move( self.dx, self.dy )
 +
        self.body.move( self.dx, self.dy )
 +
 +
    def reverseDirection( self ):
 +
        """reverses the direction of movement.  If going right (dx>0),
 +
        change to going left (dx<0).  If going left, change to going right."""
 +
        self.dx = -self.dx
 +
 +
    def getX( self ):
 +
        """return the x-coordinate of the top-left point of the rectangle"""
 +
        return self.body.getP1().getX()
 +
       
 +
#----------------------------------------------------------------
 +
def waitForClick( win, message ):
 +
    """ waitForClick: stops the GUI and displays a message. 
 +
    Returns when the user clicks the window. The message is erased."""
 +
 +
    # wait for user to click mouse to start
 +
    startMsg = Text( Point( win.getWidth()/2, win.getHeight()/2 ), message )
 +
    startMsg.draw( win )    # display message
 +
    win.getMouse()          # wait
 +
    startMsg.undraw()      # erase
 +
 +
def main():
 +
    global W, H
 +
    win = GraphWin( "wheel demo", WIDTH, HEIGHT )
 +
 +
    # wait for user to click the window...
 +
    waitForClick( win, "click to start" )
 +
 +
    # create a list of several cars, with random positions and random
 +
    # speeds
 +
    cars = []
 +
    for x in range( 10, WIDTH, 120 ):
 +
        # create a new car at a random height in the window
 +
        car1 = Car( Point( x, random.choice( [10,50,100, 125, 175, 300 ]) ) )
 +
 +
        # draw the car
 +
        car1.draw( win )
 +
 +
        # set its speed randomly
 +
        car1.setSpeed( random.choice( [-5, 30, 2, 15, -4] ), 0 )
 +
 +
        # add the car to the list
 +
        cars.append( car1 )
 +
 +
 +
    # animation loop: keep on going as long as the user does not click
 +
    # on the window.
 +
    while win.checkMouse()==None:
 +
 +
        # move each car of the list
 +
        for car1 in cars:
 +
            # move it
 +
            car1.autoMove()
 +
 +
            # if it's hitting a left or right edge of the window
 +
            # change the direction of movement of the car.
 +
            if car1.getX() > WIDTH or car1.getX() < 0:
 +
                car1.reverseDirection()
 +
 +
    # wait for the user to click one last time...
 +
    waitForClick( win, "click to end" )
 +
    win.close()
 +
   
 +
main()
 +
</source>
 
<br />
 
<br />
 
<br />
 
<br />

Latest revision as of 12:47, 2 April 2015

--D. Thiebaut (talk) 09:03, 30 March 2015 (EDT)

Die


# dice.py
# D. Thiebaut
# Program for Week 9
# an example program that defines a Die class, and
# demonstrates how to create 2 objects from this class.

import random


class Die:
    """a class implementing a Die, with a given number
    of sides, and a value (the number of the top face)"""
    
    def __init__( self, n ):
        """initializes the die with n faces, and a value 1,
        by default"""
        self.noSides = n
        self.value   = 1

    def roll( self ):
        """roll the die and pick a new random value for it"""
        self.value = random.randrange( 1, self.noSides+1 )

    def getValue( self ):
        """return the current value, i.e. the number on the top
        side"""
        return self.value


def main():
    # Create 2 dice, one with 6 sides, one with 8
    d1 = Die( 6 )
    d2 = Die( 8 )

    while True:
        # Roll both dice
        d1.roll( )
        d2.roll( )

        # display their value
        print( "Die 1: ",  d1.getValue() )
        print( "Die 2: ",  d2.getValue() )

        ans = input( "Press enter to continue.  Any other key to quit: " )
        if len( ans.strip() )!= 0:
            break

if __name__=="__main__":
    main()


Cats



Cat CSV File


# create csv file
# D. Thiebaut

text = """Minou, 3, vaccinated,  stray
Max, 1, not vaccinated,  Burmese
Gizmo, 2, vaccinated, Bengal
Garfield, 4, not vaccinated, Orange Tabby
Silky, 3, vaccinated,  Siemese
Winston, 1, not vaccinated,  stray
"""

open( "cats.csv", "w" ).write( text )


Cat Program

# cats1.py
# D. Thiebaut
# program developed in class on 4/1/15
#
class Cat:
    """Cat class.  contains information about a cat: name,
    whether vaccinated, breed, and age"""
    def __init__( self, na, vacc, bree, ag ):
        self.name       = na
        self.vaccinated = vacc
        self.breed      = bree
        self.age        = ag

    def __str__( self ):
        """default string representation for a cat.  Will be use by print() if
        we ask it to print a cat object."""
        if self.vaccinated:
            vac = "vaccinated"
        else:
            vac = "not vaccinated"
        # create the string representation of the object
        s = "{0:10} ==> ({1:1}), {2:1}, {3:1}".format(
            self.name, self.breed, self.age, vac )

        # return the string representation
        return s
    
    def getName( self ):
        """returns the name of the cat"""
        return self.name

    def isVaccinated( self ):
        """returns True if the cat is vaccinated, False otherwise."""
        #if self.vaccinated:
        #    return True
        #else:
        #    return False
        return self.vaccinated

# -------------------------------------------------------------
#                          MAIN
# -------------------------------------------------------------

def main():
    # create an empty list of cats
    catList = []

    # Create 3 cat objects and add them to the list
    # Minou, 3, vaccinated, stray
    #catList.append( Cat( "Minou", True, "stray", 3 ) )
    #catList.append( Cat( "Ralph", False, "Burmese", 1 ) )
    #catList.append( Cat( "Garfield", True, "Orange Tabby", 10 ) )

    # open csv file containing cats.  Example of line in file shown below.
    # Winston, 1, not vaccinated,  stray
    file = open( "cats.csv", "r" )
    lines = file.readlines()
    file.close()

    # the contents of the file is now in a list of strings.  The list is called lines.

    # for each line in the list of lines...
    for line in lines:
        #print( line )

        # split the line into 4 fields
        fields = line.split( ',' )

        # if the line doesn't contain 4 fields, it must be invalid.  Skip it!
        if len( fields ) != 4:
            continue

        # assign each one of the 4 items in the list fields to 4 different variables
        name, age, vacc, breed = fields

        # transform vacc from "vaccinated" or "not vaccinated" to True or False
        if vacc.lower().strip() == "vaccinated":
            vacc = True
        else:
            vacc = False

        # add a new cat with this information to the list of cats
        cat = Cat( name.strip(), vacc, breed.strip(), int(age.strip()) ) 
        catList.append( cat )   
        
    # list all the cats in the list
    for cat in catList:
        print( cat )


    
main()


Graphics


The programs below are not fully documented. Just examples of putting a program together in class.

skeletonGraphics.py


# skeleton.py
# D. Thiebaut
# a skeleton program to get started with the graphics
# 
from graphics import *

# define geometry (constants)
WIDTH  = 700
HEIGHT = 600


#----------------------------------------------------------------
def waitForClick( win, message ):
    """ waitForClick: stops the GUI and displays a message.  
    Returns when the user clicks the window. The message is erased."""

    # wait for user to click mouse to start
    startMsg = Text( Point( win.getWidth()/2, win.getHeight()/2 ), message )
    startMsg.draw( win )    # display message
    win.getMouse()          # wait
    startMsg.undraw()       # erase


def main():
    global W, H
    win = GraphWin( "wheel demo", WIDTH, HEIGHT )

    waitForClick( win, "click to start" )

    center = Point( WIDTH//4, HEIGHT//4 )
    c1 = Circle( center, 30 )
    c1.setFill( "red" )
    c1.draw( win )

    waitForClick( win, "click to end" )
    win.close()
    
main()


wheel1.py


# wheel1.py
# D. Thiebaut
# a skeleton program to get started with the graphics
# 
from graphics import *

# define geometry (constants)
WIDTH  = 700
HEIGHT = 600


class Wheel:
    """a Wheel is 2 concentric circles, the larger one black,
    the smaller one grey."""

    def __init__(self, centr, rad1, rad2 ):
        # make circ1 the smaller of the 2 circles
        self.circ1   = Circle( centr, min( rad1, rad2 ) )
        self.circ2   = Circle( centr, max( rad1, rad2 ) )
        self.circ1.setFill( "grey" )
        self.circ2.setFill( "black" )
        
    def draw( self, win ):
        self.circ2.draw( win )
        self.circ1.draw( win )

class Car:
    """a class containing a rectangle and 2 wheels, forming
    a simple car"""

    def __init__( self, refPoint ):
        # create rectangle
        P1  = refPoint
        xP1 = P1.getX()
        yP1 = P1.getY()
        xP2 = xP1 + 180
        yP2 = yP1 + 60
        P2  = Point( xP2, yP2 )
        self.body = Rectangle( P1, P2 )
        self.body.setFill( "yellow" )

        # create the Wheels
        self.w1 = Wheel( Point( xP1+40, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
        self.w2 = Wheel( Point( xP1+140, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )

    def draw( self, win ):
        self.body.draw( win )
        self.w1.draw( win )
        self.w2.draw( win )
    
#----------------------------------------------------------------
def waitForClick( win, message ):
    """ waitForClick: stops the GUI and displays a message.  
    Returns when the user clicks the window. The message is erased."""

    # wait for user to click mouse to start
    startMsg = Text( Point( win.getWidth()/2, win.getHeight()/2 ), message )
    startMsg.draw( win )    # display message
    win.getMouse()          # wait
    startMsg.undraw()       # erase

def main():
    global W, H
    win = GraphWin( "wheel demo", WIDTH, HEIGHT )

    waitForClick( win, "click to start" )

    #w1 = Wheel( Point( WIDTH//4, HEIGHT//4 ), 30, 50 )
    #w1.draw( win )
    car1 = Car( Point( WIDTH//4, HEIGHT//4 ) )
    car1.draw( win )
    
    waitForClick( win, "click to end" )
    win.close()
    
main()



wheel2.py


# wheel1.py
# D. Thiebaut
# a skeleton program to get started with the graphics
# 
from graphics import *

# define geometry (constants)
WIDTH  = 700
HEIGHT = 600


class Wheel:
    """a Wheel is 2 concentric circles, the larger one black,
    the smaller one grey."""

    def __init__(self, centr, rad1, rad2 ):
        # make circ1 the smaller of the 2 circles
        self.circ1   = Circle( centr, min( rad1, rad2 ) )
        self.circ2   = Circle( centr, max( rad1, rad2 ) )
        self.circ1.setFill( "grey" )
        self.circ2.setFill( "black" )
        
    def draw( self, win ):
        self.circ2.draw( win )
        self.circ1.draw( win )

class Car:
    """a class containing a rectangle and 2 wheels, forming
    a simple car"""

    def __init__( self, refPoint ):
        # create rectangle
        P1  = refPoint
        xP1 = P1.getX()
        yP1 = P1.getY()
        xP2 = xP1 + 180
        yP2 = yP1 + 60
        P2  = Point( xP2, yP2 )
        self.body = Rectangle( P1, P2 )
        self.body.setFill( "yellow" )

        # create the Wheels
        self.w1 = Wheel( Point( xP1+40, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
        self.w2 = Wheel( Point( xP1+140, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )

    def draw( self, win ):
        self.body.draw( win )
        self.w1.draw( win )
        self.w2.draw( win )
    
#----------------------------------------------------------------
def waitForClick( win, message ):
    """ waitForClick: stops the GUI and displays a message.  
    Returns when the user clicks the window. The message is erased."""

    # wait for user to click mouse to start
    startMsg = Text( Point( win.getWidth()/2, win.getHeight()/2 ), message )
    startMsg.draw( win )    # display message
    win.getMouse()          # wait
    startMsg.undraw()       # erase

def main():
    global W, H
    win = GraphWin( "wheel demo", WIDTH, HEIGHT )

    waitForClick( win, "click to start" )

    #w1 = Wheel( Point( WIDTH//4, HEIGHT//4 ), 30, 50 )
    #w1.draw( win )
    car1 = Car( Point( WIDTH//4, HEIGHT//4 ) )
    car1.draw( win )

    # animation loop
    while True:
        car1.setSpeed( 5, 0 )
        
    waitForClick( win, "click to end" )
    win.close()
    
main()



car1.py


# wheel1.py
# D. Thiebaut
# a skeleton program to get started with the graphics
# 
from graphics import *

# define geometry (constants)
WIDTH  = 700
HEIGHT = 600


class Wheel:
    """a Wheel is 2 concentric circles, the larger one black,
    the smaller one grey."""

    def __init__(self, centr, rad1, rad2 ):
        # make circ1 the smaller of the 2 circles
        self.circ1   = Circle( centr, min( rad1, rad2 ) )
        self.circ2   = Circle( centr, max( rad1, rad2 ) )
        self.circ1.setFill( "grey" )
        self.circ2.setFill( "black" )
        
    def draw( self, win ):
        self.circ2.draw( win )
        self.circ1.draw( win )

class Car:
    """a class containing a rectangle and 2 wheels, forming
    a simple car"""

    def __init__( self, refPoint ):
        # create rectangle
        P1  = refPoint
        xP1 = P1.getX()
        yP1 = P1.getY()
        xP2 = xP1 + 180
        yP2 = yP1 + 60
        P2  = Point( xP2, yP2 )
        self.body = Rectangle( P1, P2 )
        self.body.setFill( "yellow" )

        # create the Wheels
        self.w1 = Wheel( Point( xP1+40, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
        self.w2 = Wheel( Point( xP1+140, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )

    def draw( self, win ):
        self.body.draw( win )
        self.w1.draw( win )
        self.w2.draw( win )
    
#----------------------------------------------------------------
def waitForClick( win, message ):
    """ waitForClick: stops the GUI and displays a message.  
    Returns when the user clicks the window. The message is erased."""

    # wait for user to click mouse to start
    startMsg = Text( Point( win.getWidth()/2, win.getHeight()/2 ), message )
    startMsg.draw( win )    # display message
    win.getMouse()          # wait
    startMsg.undraw()       # erase

def main():
    global W, H
    win = GraphWin( "wheel demo", WIDTH, HEIGHT )

    waitForClick( win, "click to start" )

    #w1 = Wheel( Point( WIDTH//4, HEIGHT//4 ), 30, 50 )
    #w1.draw( win )
    car1 = Car( Point( WIDTH//4, HEIGHT//4 ) )
    car1.draw( win )

    
        
    waitForClick( win, "click to end" )
    win.close()
    
main()



car2.py


# wheel1.py
# D. Thiebaut
# a skeleton program to get started with the graphics
# 
from graphics import *

# define geometry (constants)
WIDTH  = 700
HEIGHT = 600


class Wheel:
    """a Wheel is 2 concentric circles, the larger one black,
    the smaller one grey."""

    def __init__(self, centr, rad1, rad2 ):
        # make circ1 the smaller of the 2 circles
        self.circ1   = Circle( centr, min( rad1, rad2 ) )
        self.circ2   = Circle( centr, max( rad1, rad2 ) )
        self.circ1.setFill( "grey" )
        self.circ2.setFill( "black" )
        
    def draw( self, win ):
        self.circ2.draw( win )
        self.circ1.draw( win )

    def move( self, dx, dy ):
        self.circ1.move( dx, dy )
        self.circ2.move( dx, dy )
        
class Car:
    """a class containing a rectangle and 2 wheels, forming
    a simple car"""

    def __init__( self, refPoint ):
        # create rectangle
        P1  = refPoint
        xP1 = P1.getX()
        yP1 = P1.getY()
        xP2 = xP1 + 180
        yP2 = yP1 + 60
        P2  = Point( xP2, yP2 )
        self.body = Rectangle( P1, P2 )
        self.body.setFill( "yellow" )

        # create the Wheels
        self.w1 = Wheel( Point( xP1+40, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
        self.w2 = Wheel( Point( xP1+140, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )

        # set the initial speed
        self.dx = 1
        self.dy = 0

    def setSpeed( self, deltaX, deltaY ):
        self.dx = deltaX
        self.dy = deltaY
        
    def draw( self, win ):
        self.w1.draw( win )
        self.body.draw( win )
        self.w2.draw( win )

    def autoMove( self ):
        self.w1.move( self.dx, self.dy )
        self.w2.move( self.dx, self.dy )
        self.body.move( self.dx, self.dy )

    def reverseDirection( self ):
        self.dx = -self.dx

    def getX( self ):
        return self.body.getP1().getX()
        
#----------------------------------------------------------------
def waitForClick( win, message ):
    """ waitForClick: stops the GUI and displays a message.  
    Returns when the user clicks the window. The message is erased."""

    # wait for user to click mouse to start
    startMsg = Text( Point( win.getWidth()/2, win.getHeight()/2 ), message )
    startMsg.draw( win )    # display message
    win.getMouse()          # wait
    startMsg.undraw()       # erase

def main():
    global W, H
    win = GraphWin( "wheel demo", WIDTH, HEIGHT )

    waitForClick( win, "click to start" )


    car1 = Car( Point( WIDTH//4, HEIGHT//4 ) )
    car1.draw( win )
    car1.setSpeed( 5, 0 )

    while True:
        car1.autoMove()
    
        if car1.getX() > WIDTH or car1.getX() < 0:
            car1.reverseDirection()
            
    waitForClick( win, "click to end" )
    win.close()
    
main()



car3.py


# wheel1.py
# D. Thiebaut
# a skeleton program to get started with the graphics
# 
from graphics import *
import random

# define geometry (constants)
WIDTH  = 700
HEIGHT = 600


class Wheel:
    """a Wheel is 2 concentric circles, the larger one black,
    the smaller one grey."""

    def __init__(self, centr, rad1, rad2 ):
        # make circ1 the smaller of the 2 circles
        self.circ1   = Circle( centr, min( rad1, rad2 ) )
        self.circ2   = Circle( centr, max( rad1, rad2 ) )
        self.circ1.setFill( "grey" )
        self.circ2.setFill( "black" )
        
    def draw( self, win ):
        self.circ2.draw( win )
        self.circ1.draw( win )

    def move( self, dx, dy ):
        self.circ1.move( dx, dy )
        self.circ2.move( dx, dy )
        
class Car:
    """a class containing a rectangle and 2 wheels, forming
    a simple car"""

    def __init__( self, refPoint ):
        # create rectangle
        P1  = refPoint
        xP1 = P1.getX()
        yP1 = P1.getY()
        xP2 = xP1 + 180
        yP2 = yP1 + 60
        P2  = Point( xP2, yP2 )
        self.body = Rectangle( P1, P2 )
        self.body.setFill( "yellow" )

        # create the Wheels
        self.w1 = Wheel( Point( xP1+40, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
        self.w2 = Wheel( Point( xP1+140, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )

        # set the initial speed
        self.dx = 1
        self.dy = 0

    def setSpeed( self, deltaX, deltaY ):
        self.dx = deltaX
        self.dy = deltaY
        
    def draw( self, win ):
        self.w1.draw( win )
        self.body.draw( win )
        self.w2.draw( win )

    def autoMove( self ):
        self.w1.move( self.dx, self.dy )
        self.w2.move( self.dx, self.dy )
        self.body.move( self.dx, self.dy )

    def reverseDirection( self ):
        self.dx = -self.dx

    def getX( self ):
        return self.body.getP1().getX()
        
#----------------------------------------------------------------
def waitForClick( win, message ):
    """ waitForClick: stops the GUI and displays a message.  
    Returns when the user clicks the window. The message is erased."""

    # wait for user to click mouse to start
    startMsg = Text( Point( win.getWidth()/2, win.getHeight()/2 ), message )
    startMsg.draw( win )    # display message
    win.getMouse()          # wait
    startMsg.undraw()       # erase

def main():
    global W, H
    win = GraphWin( "wheel demo", WIDTH, HEIGHT )

    waitForClick( win, "click to start" )

    cars = []
    for x in range( 10, WIDTH, 80 ):
        car1 = Car( Point( x, random.choice( [10,50,100, 125, 175, 300 ]) ) )
        car1.draw( win )
        car1.setSpeed( random.choice( [-5, 3, 2, 5, 4] ), 0 )
        cars.append( car1 )
        
    while True:
        for car1 in cars:
            car1.autoMove()
        
            if car1.getX() > WIDTH or car1.getX() < 0:
                car1.reverseDirection()
            
    waitForClick( win, "click to end" )
    win.close()
    
main()



car3randomColors.py


# wheel1.py
# D. Thiebaut
# a skeleton program to get started with the graphics
# 
from graphics import *
import random

# define geometry (constants)
WIDTH  = 700
HEIGHT = 600


class Wheel:
    """a Wheel is 2 concentric circles, the larger one black,
    the smaller one grey."""

    def __init__(self, centr, rad1, rad2 ):
        # make circ1 the smaller of the 2 circles
        self.circ1   = Circle( centr, min( rad1, rad2 ) )
        self.circ2   = Circle( centr, max( rad1, rad2 ) )
        self.circ1.setFill( "grey" )
        self.circ2.setFill( "black" )
        
    def draw( self, win ):
        self.circ2.draw( win )
        self.circ1.draw( win )

    def move( self, dx, dy ):
        self.circ1.move( dx, dy )
        self.circ2.move( dx, dy )
        
class Car:
    """a class containing a rectangle and 2 wheels, forming
    a simple car"""

    def __init__( self, refPoint ):
        # create rectangle
        P1  = refPoint
        xP1 = P1.getX()
        yP1 = P1.getY()
        xP2 = xP1 + 180
        yP2 = yP1 + 60
        P2  = Point( xP2, yP2 )
        self.body = Rectangle( P1, P2 )
        self.body.setFill( random.choice( ["yellow", "black", "beige",
                                           "magenta"] ) )

        # create the Wheels
        self.w1 = Wheel( Point( xP1+40, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )
        self.w2 = Wheel( Point( xP1+140, yP1+60 ), 10, 20 )

        # set the initial speed
        self.dx = 1
        self.dy = 0

    def setSpeed( self, deltaX, deltaY ):
        """change the speed of the car"""
        self.dx = deltaX
        self.dy = deltaY
        
    def draw( self, win ):
        """draw the car on the window"""
        self.w1.draw( win )
        self.body.draw( win )
        self.w2.draw( win )

    def autoMove( self ):
        """move the car in the current direction (dx, dy)"""
        self.w1.move( self.dx, self.dy )
        self.w2.move( self.dx, self.dy )
        self.body.move( self.dx, self.dy )

    def reverseDirection( self ):
        """reverses the direction of movement.  If going right (dx>0),
        change to going left (dx<0).  If going left, change to going right."""
        self.dx = -self.dx

    def getX( self ):
        """return the x-coordinate of the top-left point of the rectangle"""
        return self.body.getP1().getX()
        
#----------------------------------------------------------------
def waitForClick( win, message ):
    """ waitForClick: stops the GUI and displays a message.  
    Returns when the user clicks the window. The message is erased."""

    # wait for user to click mouse to start
    startMsg = Text( Point( win.getWidth()/2, win.getHeight()/2 ), message )
    startMsg.draw( win )    # display message
    win.getMouse()          # wait
    startMsg.undraw()       # erase

def main():
    global W, H
    win = GraphWin( "wheel demo", WIDTH, HEIGHT )

    # wait for user to click the window...
    waitForClick( win, "click to start" )

    # create a list of several cars, with random positions and random
    # speeds
    cars = []
    for x in range( 10, WIDTH, 120 ):
        # create a new car at a random height in the window
        car1 = Car( Point( x, random.choice( [10,50,100, 125, 175, 300 ]) ) )

        # draw the car
        car1.draw( win )

        # set its speed randomly
        car1.setSpeed( random.choice( [-5, 30, 2, 15, -4] ), 0 )

        # add the car to the list
        cars.append( car1 )


    # animation loop: keep on going as long as the user does not click
    # on the window.
    while win.checkMouse()==None:

        # move each car of the list
        for car1 in cars:
            # move it
            car1.autoMove()

            # if it's hitting a left or right edge of the window
            # change the direction of movement of the car.
            if car1.getX() > WIDTH or car1.getX() < 0:
                car1.reverseDirection()

    # wait for the user to click one last time...
    waitForClick( win, "click to end" )
    win.close()
    
main()













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