Difference between revisions of "CSC111 Lab 10 2010"

From dftwiki3
Jump to: navigation, search
(A class for a wheel)
m (Thiebaut moved page CSC111 Lab 10 to CSC111 Lab 10 2010)
 
(14 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
 +
{|
 +
| width="40%" |
 +
__TOC__
 +
|
 
<bluebox>
 
<bluebox>
<br>
 
 
This lab deals with classes, objects, and graphics.  It builds on the examples we saw in class on Monday and Wednesday.
 
This lab deals with classes, objects, and graphics.  It builds on the examples we saw in class on Monday and Wednesday.
 
<br>
 
<br>
 
</bluebox>
 
</bluebox>
 
+
|}
  
 
<br />
 
<br />
Line 145: Line 148:
 
* Oh, by the way, the car is a two-door convertible.  Add a door to the car.  The door should be a simple rectangle in the middle of the body of the car, between the two wheels.  (You may want to sketch the shape of the car on paper and figure out what proportions to use to position the door.)
 
* Oh, by the way, the car is a two-door convertible.  Add a door to the car.  The door should be a simple rectangle in the middle of the body of the car, between the two wheels.  (You may want to sketch the shape of the car on paper and figure out what proportions to use to position the door.)
  
* Add a windshield to the car as well.  Light blue might be a nice color for it. :-)
+
* Add a windshield to the car as well.  You are free to define its shape, and the '''Polygon''' class will provide a nice solution for you.   '''Polygons''' are defined in Section 3.6 of [http://cs.smith.edu/dftwiki/images/1/17/ZelleGraphicsDescription.pdf Zelle's 4-page document on his graphics library].
 
 
==A class for a car==
 
 
 
Rather than telling you how to create the class for a car, try to figure it out by seeing how car objects are used in the simple example below. All you need to know is that a car contains 3 objects: two wheels, and a rectangle, which is horizontal, and whose two bottom corners correspond to the centers of the wheels. Only the outside radius of the wheel is specified. The inside radius is taken to be 60% the size of the outside radius.
 
 
 
Car is the class, and car1 the object.
 
 
 
<source lang="python">
 
 
 
          # create a car, first wheel centered at 30,30, 2nd wheel
 
          # at 90,30, both wheels with a radius of 20, and the
 
          # rectangle with a height of 40.
 
          car1 = Car( Point( 30, 30 ), 20, Point( 90,30 ), 20, 40 )
 
          car1.draw( win )
 
 
 
          # color the wheels grey with black tires, and the rectangle yellow
 
          car1.setFill( "black", "grey", "yellow" )
 
 
 
          # make the car move on the screen   
 
          for i in range( 400 ):
 
              car1.move( 1, 0 )
 
             
 
</source>
 
  
 
==Random cars going in random directions==
 
==Random cars going in random directions==
Line 174: Line 154:
 
* Make your program create a list of 5 cars.
 
* Make your program create a list of 5 cars.
  
* Each car has a random horizontal velocity, making it go left, or right.
+
* Each car has a random horizontal velocity (dy=0), making it go left, or right.  Make dx and dy part of the class, i.e. make these variables '''member variables''' of the class '''Car'''.
  
* Make your program move all 5 cars at the same time, until all the cars have exited the window.  As soon as the cars all disappear your program will stop.
+
* Make your program move all 5 cars at the same time, until all the cars have exited the window.  As soon as the cars all disappear your program will stop. Think of an efficient way to do this...  This is a bit tricky...  (But we are at a time in the semester where you can deal with tricky questions... :-)
  
 
==Fish==
 
==Fish==
  
==Displaying the Fish==
+
This section is reported to [[CSC111 Lab 11| Lab 11]]...
* get a copy of the file allfish.tgz (available [[media:allfish.tgz| here]] as well):
 
  
  getcopy allfish.tgz
+
* Point your browser to http://maven.smith.edu/~111c/index.html
  
* then unpack it
+
* See all the fish?  Make a note of one of the fish, and get a copy of its file as follows
  
  tar -xzvf allfish.tgz
+
  getcopy fishxx.gif            ''(replace xx by the actual number of the fish you want)''
  
* Take a look at what is in your directory:
+
* Write a new graphics program and copy/paste the following code in it:
 
+
<br />
  ls
 
 
 
:See all the fish files there? 
 
 
 
* You are going to create a Web page with a picture of all of them, just so that you can see what they look like.
 
 
 
* Copy all the fish files to your '''public_html''' directory.  This is the directory where you can store Web pages that will be visible on the Web.
 
 
 
  cp fish*.gif public_html
 
 
 
* go to your public_html directory
 
 
 
  cd public_html
 
 
 
* list all the fish files:
 
 
 
  ls -1                      (''that's ell ess space minus one'')
 
 
 
* save the list in a file, which will become a python program
 
 
 
  ls -1  >  generateWebPage.py
 
 
 
* emacs the file '''generateWebpage.py''' and add the following code around your list of fish files:
 
 
 
<source lang="python">
 
text = """
 
 
  (put the list of fishXX.gif file names in this string, one per line, as it appears in the file)
 
 
 
 
 
"""
 
print "<html><body><h1>Fish in need of an aquarium...</h1><ul>"
 
for fish in text.split( "\n" ):
 
    fish = fish[:-1] # remove the '*' at the end of the file
 
    print "<hr><li> %s <img src=\"%s\">" % ( fish, fish )
 
print "</ul></body></html>"
 
</source>
 
 
 
* Run the program once
 
 
 
  python generateWebPage.py
 
 
 
* Verify that it generates a list of html statements with the fish names inside the code.
 
 
 
* Now run the program again, but make it store the output into a file which will become a Web page:
 
 
 
  python generateWebPage.py  > index.html
 
 
 
* Make the file '''index.html''' readable by the Web server:
 
 
 
  chmod a+r index.html
 
 
 
 
 
* Point your browser to http://cs.smith.edu/~111c-xx/index.html  (''replace '''xx''' by your 2-letter Id'') and verify that you get a collection of pictures of fish.
 
 
 
:Now you know what they look like! :-)
 
 
 
* Figure out which fish you like best, and remember its name.  We'll assume for this lab that it is '''fish15.gif'''.
 
 
 
==Creating a graphics fish==
 
 
 
* Create the following python program and run it:
 
  
 
<source lang="python">
 
<source lang="python">
 +
.
  
 
from graphics import *
 
from graphics import *
 
+
H = 400
 +
W = 400
  
 
def waitForClick( win, message ):
 
def waitForClick( win, message ):
Line 271: Line 190:
  
 
def main():
 
def main():
     win = GraphWin( "Fish", 400, 400 )
+
    global H, W
 +
     win = GraphWin( "Fish Tank", W, H )
 
     waitForClick( win, "click to start" )
 
     waitForClick( win, "click to start" )
  
     fish = Image( Point( 200, 200 ), "fish15.gif" )
+
     fish = Image( Point( W/2, H/2 ), "fish15.gif" ) # replace 15 by the number of your fish
 
     fish.draw( win )
 
     fish.draw( win )
  
Line 282: Line 202:
 
main()
 
main()
  
 +
 +
.
 
</source>
 
</source>
  
;Question 1
+
* Add a for loop and make the object ''fish'' move by dx, dy some fixed number of steps...
: Make your fish appear on one end of the screen and slowly move to the other side of the screen and disappear.
+
 
 +
* Create a an new class which is a fish, with its own file name, and its own dx and dy.
  
;Question 2
+
* Create an object issued from the class.  Verify that you can make the object move on the screen.
: Create a school of 3 or 4 fish, which you'll keep in a list, and move from one end of the screen to the other.
 
  
;Question 3
+
* Create a school of several fish that move around the screen.  The fish may move in opposite directions, but we'll assume that all fish move in the direction of where their head points to!!!
: Make the fish go horizontally with a random up-down motion (more in class about this...)
 
  
 +
* Make the fish go up or down, slightly, randomly, as it moves forward...
  
 
<br />
 
<br />

Latest revision as of 06:53, 29 March 2015

This lab deals with classes, objects, and graphics. It builds on the examples we saw in class on Monday and Wednesday.


Fileicon-pdf.png
You may find the following document describing the different graphic objects introduce in the Zelle's textbook useful.


Classes for a wheel and a Car

Below is the code we wrote in class yesterday:

# carNew.py
# D. Thiebaut
# first program using a class to define                                                                               
# a new graphic object: a wheel, which                                                                
# is made of 2 concentric circles.  The class
# Wheel supports methods to initialize the
# graphics object, draw it on the window,
# and move it.

from graphics import *
W = 400
H = 400

#----------------------------------------------------------------
class Wheel:
    """A class with two concentric circles"""

    def __init__( self, center, r1, r2 ):
        """constructor"""
        self.radius1 = min( r1, r2 )
        self.radius2 = max( r1, r2 )
        self.circ1 = Circle( center, self.radius1 )
        self.circ2 = Circle( center, self.radius2 )
        
    def draw( self, win ):
        """draws the wheel on the graphics window win"""
        self.circ2.draw( win )
        self.circ1.draw( win )

    def move( self, dx, dy ):
        self.circ1.move( dx, dy )
        self.circ2.move( dx, dy )

    def setFill( self, color1, color2 ):
        self.circ1.setFill( color1 )
        self.circ2.setFill( color2 )

    def getRadius1( self ):
        """returns the smallest radius"""
        return self.radius1

    def getRadius2( self ):
        """returns the largest radius"""
        return self.radius2

class Car:
    def __init__( self, P1, P2 ):
        self.body = Rectangle( P1, P2 )
        w =abs( P2.getX()-P1.getX() )
        h =abs( P2.getY()-P1.getY() )
        center1 = Point( w/4+P1.getX(), P2.getY() )
        center2 = Point( P2.getX()-w/4, P2.getY() )
        r2      = w/8
        r1      = r2/2
        self.w1 = Wheel( center1, r1, r2 )
        self.w2 = Wheel( center2, r1, r2 )

    def setFill( self, bodyc, tirec, insidec ):
        self.body.setFill( bodyc )
        self.w1.setFill( tirec, insidec )
        self.w2.setFill( tirec, insidec )

    def draw( self, win ):
        self.body.draw( win )
        self.w1.draw( win )
        self.w2.draw( win )

    def move( self, dx, dy):
        self.body.move( dx, dy )
        self.w1.move( dx, dy )
        self.w2.move( dx, dy )

#----------------------------------------------------------------
def waitForClick( win, message ):
    """ waitForClick: stops the GUI and displays a message.  
    Returns when the user clicks the window. The message is erased."""

    # wait for user to click mouse to start
    startMsg = Text( Point( win.getWidth()/2, win.getHeight()/2 ), message )
    startMsg.draw( win )    # display message
    win.getMouse()          # wait
    startMsg.undraw()       # erase


def main():
    """demo program for wheel: draws wheel on screen"""
    global W, H
    win = GraphWin( "wheel demo", W, H )
    waitForClick( win, "click to start" )

    #--- create new wheel object ---
    #w = Wheel( Point( W/2, H/2 ), 20, 40 )
    #w.setFill( "black", "yellow" )
    #w.draw( win )

    car = Car( Point( 20, 20 ), Point( 120, 60 ) )
    car.setFill( "red", "yellow", "black" )
    car.draw( win )
    waitForClick( win, "click to move" )


    #--- move the wheel ---
    for i in range( 100 ):
        car.move( 3, 0 )

    waitForClick( win, "click to end" )

main()


  • Run the program a few times to make sure you understand how it works.
  • Assume that the programmer writing the main program (we always assume that the programmer writing the main program is different from the programmer writing the classes, as is most often the case in real life) forgot the rule that when building a car, the first point passed to the constructor is the top left point of the rectangle defining the body, and that the second point is the bottom right point of the body.
Instead the programmer creates the object car as follows:
   car = Car( Point( 120, 60 ), Point( 20, 20 ) )


Make this modification and run your program. What happens?
  • Fix the class Car so that the user can specify any point in any order (top-left, bottom-right), or (top-right, bottom-left), or (bottom-left, top-right), and constructor will correctly define the body and the wheels to fit the shape defined by the two points.
  • Oh, by the way, the car is a two-door convertible. Add a door to the car. The door should be a simple rectangle in the middle of the body of the car, between the two wheels. (You may want to sketch the shape of the car on paper and figure out what proportions to use to position the door.)

Random cars going in random directions

  • Make your program create a list of 5 cars.
  • Each car has a random horizontal velocity (dy=0), making it go left, or right. Make dx and dy part of the class, i.e. make these variables member variables of the class Car.
  • Make your program move all 5 cars at the same time, until all the cars have exited the window. As soon as the cars all disappear your program will stop. Think of an efficient way to do this... This is a bit tricky... (But we are at a time in the semester where you can deal with tricky questions... :-)

Fish

This section is reported to Lab 11...

  • See all the fish? Make a note of one of the fish, and get a copy of its file as follows
  getcopy fishxx.gif            (replace xx by the actual number of the fish you want)
  • Write a new graphics program and copy/paste the following code in it:


.

from graphics import *
H = 400
W = 400

def waitForClick( win, message ):
    """ waitForClick: stops the GUI and displays a message.  
    Returns when the user clicks the window. The message is erased."""

    # wait for user to click mouse to start
    startMsg = Text( Point( win.getWidth()/2, win.getHeight()/2 ), message )
    startMsg.draw( win )    # display message
    win.getMouse()          # wait
    startMsg.undraw()       # erase


def main():
    global H, W
    win = GraphWin( "Fish Tank", W, H )
    waitForClick( win, "click to start" )

    fish = Image( Point( W/2, H/2 ), "fish15.gif" )  # replace 15 by the number of your fish
    fish.draw( win )

    waitForClick( win, "click to end" )
    win.close()

main()

 
.
  • Add a for loop and make the object fish move by dx, dy some fixed number of steps...
  • Create a an new class which is a fish, with its own file name, and its own dx and dy.
  • Create an object issued from the class. Verify that you can make the object move on the screen.
  • Create a school of several fish that move around the screen. The fish may move in opposite directions, but we'll assume that all fish move in the direction of where their head points to!!!
  • Make the fish go up or down, slightly, randomly, as it moves forward...