CSC231 Homework 8 2017

--D. Thiebaut (talk) 16:09, 14 April 2017 (EDT)

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Problem #1: Programming in C

Write a C program that receives 3 DNA strings on the command line, the first one will be saved under the variable (pointer) called marker1, the second one marker2, and the last one, DNA. Your C program will search for the markers in the DNA, and will zap all the bases (characters) it finds between marker1 and marker2 (and including those of the markers), replacing them with dashes.
Here are some examples of how your program should operate:

231b@aurora ~ $ ./hw8_1 AGC ACC ACCGGGGGAGCCAAAGCTTTTTACCTT
ACCGGGGG-----------------TT
 
231b@aurora ~ $ ./hw8_1 AGCA ACC ACCGGGGGAGCCAAAGCTTTTTACCTT
ACCGGGGGAGCCAAAGCTTTTTACCTT

231b@aurora ~ $ ./hw8_1 AGC AT ACCGGGGGAGCCAAAGCTTTTTACCTT
ACCGGGGGAGCCAAAGCTTTTTACCTT

231b@aurora ~ $ ./hw8_1 AC TG ACACACACGGGGGGTGTGTGTG
----------------TGTGTG

231b@aurora ~ $  ./hw8_1 AC TG TGACACACACGGGGGGTGTGTGTG
TG----------------TGTGTG

Notes

When the first or second markers are not found in the DNA, the program outputs the original DNA string.

When the first marker appears several time, the first occurrence is the one used.

When the second marker appears several times, its first occurrence after an occurrence of the first marker is used.

When found, the two markers are also zapped with dashes.

Starting Seed

Start with this skeleton program, and call it hw8_1.c.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>


void main( int argc, char *argv[] ) {
  char *marker1, *marker2, *DNA;

  if (argc < 4 ) {
    printf( "syntax: %s marker1 marker2 DNA\n", argv[0] );
    return;
  }

  marker1 = argv[1];
  marker2 = argv[2];
  DNA     = argv[3];
  
  //--- print the markers and DNA ---
  /* (for debugging purpose)
  printf( "Marker1 = %s\n", marker1 );
  printf( "Marker2 = %s\n", marker2 );
  if ( strlen( DNA ) > 80 )
    printf( "DNA     = %.*s...%s (%d bases)\n\n",
          10, DNA, DNA+((int)strlen(DNA)-10), 
	  (int) strlen( DNA) );
  else
    printf( "DNA     = %s\n\n", DNA );
  */

  //--- add your code below this point ---


}

You may want to uncomment the section under the "print the markers and DNA" comment to see how the program gets the 3 strings. Comment it back when you understand what happens.

Testing Your Program

I have made the executable version of the solution available. It should already be in your PATH, so you don't need to "getcopy" it. To perform a batch test of your program against the solution, first create a batch file using the code below, and call it testHw8_1.sh.

#! /bin/bash
# testHw8_1.sh
# Your name
# Tests the hw8_1 program by feeding it different markers and DNA strings.
# The output is fed in "cat -v" which will display unprintable (junk) characters.

prog="./hw8_1"

echo AGC ACC ACCGGGGGAGCCAAAGCTTTTTACCTT
$prog AGC ACC ACCGGGGGAGCCAAAGCTTTTTACCTT | cat -v 

echo AGCA ACC ACCGGGGGAGCCAAAGCTTTTTACCTT
$prog AGCA ACC ACCGGGGGAGCCAAAGCTTTTTACCTT | cat -v

echo AGC AT ACCGGGGGAGCCAAAGCTTTTTACCTT
$prog AGC AT ACCGGGGGAGCCAAAGCTTTTTACCTT | cat -v

echo AC TG ACACACACGGGGGGTGTGTGTG
$prog AC TG ACACACACGGGGGGTGTGTGTG | cat -v

echo AC TG TGACACACACGGGGGGTGTGTGTG
$prog AC TG TGACACACACGGGGGGTGTGTGTG | cat -v

• Then copy this script file into another script file called testHw8_1sol.sh.

cp testHw8_1.sh  testHw8_1sol.sh

• Next, edit the second script and change the assignment to the $prog variable:

prog="hw8_1sol"

(no dot-slash here!)

• You now have two scripts that should output the exact same text, if your program is correct.
• You can go one more step toward being certain of the correctness of your output by using the diff command, as you did in previous assignment.

Hints

You should look up the C string.h library on the Web, for ideas...

Moodle Submission

• Look for the Homework 8 Problem 1 section.

Problem #2

Write an assembly program called hw8_2.asm that contains several functions, but no main program. The main program will be in a separate file, that will be assembled separately, and linked to your program to create a fully executable file.

The functions should behave as follows:

• f1( s ). Receives the address of a string s in the stack, and converts the string to uppercase, replacing all the alphabetic characters in the string to uppercase. We assume that the string, as in C, is terminated by a '\0' char. Here is an example of how to call the function:

s1          db       "Hello world!", 0
s1Len       equ      $-s1

 ...

             mov     eax, s1
             push    eax
             call    f1

             mov    ecx, s1
             mov    edx, s1Len-1    ; figure out why the -1!
             mov    eax, 4
             mov    ebx, 1
             int    0x80

The code above will print "HELLO WORLD!"

• f2(a, b, c): f2 receives 3 integer parameters in the stack and computes 2a + 3b -c and returns this value in eax.

Here is an example of how to call the function:

a           dd       3
b           dd       5
c           dd       7

 ...
             push    dword[a]
             push    dword[b]
             push    dword[c]
             call    f2
             
; upon return from f2, eax contains 2a + 3b - c = 2*3 + 3*5 - 7 = 14

• f3( table, n ): this function receives in the stack the address of an array of ints, and the number of ints in the array. It returns in eax the number of even ints in the array. f3 should not modify any of the other registers, besides eax, of course!

Here is an example of how to call the function f3:

array     dd       3, 5, 0, 1, 2, 10, 100, 4, 1
arrayLen  equ      ($-array)/4                      ; figure out the /4 part.


 ...
             push    dword[array]
             mov     eax, arrayLen
             push    eax
             call    f3
             ; upon return from f2, eax contains 5, because there are 5 even numbers in array.

Making Your Functions Known to Other Programs

Your hw8_2.asm program should contain only the 3 functions described above. No need for a data segment or for a _Start label. However, you need to make your functions known to the main program that is different and that will be linked with your program. So you need to add these 3 lines at the top of your program:

           global f1
           global f2
           global f3

Testing Your Code

Create the following program and call it test.asm. It will be the test program for your hw8_2.asm program:

;;;------------------------------------------------------------
;;; test.asm     
;;; tests the functions in hw8_2.asm by calling each one
;;; and printing its result.
;;;------------------------------------------------------------
	extern	_printString
	extern	_println
	extern 	_printDec

	extern	f1        ; f1, f2, and f3 are declared somewhere else
	extern  f2
	extern	f3

;;;------------------------------------------------------------
;;; some variables to pass to the functions
;;;------------------------------------------------------------
	 section .data
s1	 db	 "Hello there! 12345", 0
s1Len	 equ	 $-s1
Table	 dd	 1, 2, 3, 30, 100, 200
TableLen equ	 ($-Table)/4
x1	 dd	 10
x2	 dd	 20
x3	 dd	 -1

;;;------------------------------------------------------------
;;; main program
;;;------------------------------------------------------------
	 section .text
	 global	 _start
_start:
;;; test f1
	 mov	 eax, s1	; pass s1 to f1
	 push	 eax
	 call	 f1
	 mov	 ecx, s1
	 mov	 edx, s1Len
	 call	 _printString
	 call	 _println
	
;;; test f2
	 push	dword[x1]	; pass x1, x2, x3 to f2
	 push	dword[x2]
	 push	dword[x3]
	 call	f2
	 call	_printDec
	 call	_println

;;; test f3
	 mov	eax, Table	; pass Table and length to f3
	 push	eax
	 mov	eax, TableLen
	 push	eax
	 call	f3
	 call	_printDec
	 call	_println
	
;;; ; exit
	mov     ebx, 0
	mov     eax, 1
	int     0x80

• Assemble, link, and run as follows:

231b@aurora ~ nasm -f elf test.asm
231b@aurora ~ nasm -f elf hw8_2.asm
231b@aurora ~ nasm -f elf 231Lib.asm
231b@aurora ~ ld -o test test.o hw8_2.o 231Lib.o
231b@aurora ~ ./test
HELLO THERE! 12345
81
4

Note

The test program does not test that f3 does not modify the ebx, ecx, edx, esi, or edi registers. You can add such a test yourself!

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